The sea monster from folklore has emerged in art, food and fashion as a symbol of hope and pop culture mascot. Its first depiction was in 1846, telling people to draw it and "be free from disease."

Japan's defeat in World War II "produced in him strong feelings against war and its chaos," says a childhood friend. Akihito has expressed deep remorse at home and abroad for Japan's wartime actions.

A Vietnamese laborer tells NPR he was led to believe he would learn construction work but ended up cleaning up the Fukushima nuclear site. Migrant advocates say Japan needs to overhaul the program.