Jenna McLaughlin

On the border with Russia, the Estonian town of Narva has strong cultural and linguistic ties with Russia. That makes it a target of Russian disinformation; something Estonians are trying to combat.

On the border with Russia, the Estonian town of Narva has strong cultural and linguistic ties to Russia. That makes it a target of Russian propaganda — something Estonians are trying to combat.

Estonia is host to one of the world's largest annual interactive cybersecurity drills. Russia is always considered the main threat, but this year, the war in Ukraine has only added to the stakes.

In 2007, Russia launched the first nation-on-nation cyberattack against Estonia. Now, the lessons learned from "Web War I" are being used in the cyberdefense of Ukraine.

More than 5 million Ukrainians have fled their country since Russia invaded. Tens of thousands are in Estonia, where people remember what it was like to be occupied by the former Soviet Union.

From the tiny Baltic nation of Estonia, some 30 nations are participating in mock cyberwar exercises. While the annual NATO-led exercise may be fiction, the threat emanating from Russia is very real.

Russia has employed cyberwarfare tactics for years. Analysts say the conflict in Ukraine could also escalate online, to include attacks affecting multiple countries.

In the weeks leading to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, experts said cyberwar could be imminent. It turns out, cyberattacks and information campaigns have played a subtle, nuanced role in the conflict.

Russian troops are using Belarus as a staging ground to invade Ukraine from the north, but Belarusians are against it. At a D.C. area bar, two activists talked about their home country of Belarus.

While Russia attacks Ukraine, Ukrainians are fighting back — not just with Molotov cocktails — but also with memes. The Ukrainian Ministry of Culture leads an effort to win the information war.

Russian soldiers continue to push toward Kyiv. In cyberspace, a volunteer Ukrainian cyber army, hacktivists and cybercriminals are battling for impact in an increasingly chaotic information war.

As Russia invades Ukraine, some cyber experts warned of an initial, crippling cyberattack. That hasn't happened yet. But the digital threat has been present in more subtle ways.

The Russian incursion in Ukraine has sparked fears of an invasion, but the information war is already in full swing.

The outage impacted the website of the Ukrainian Defense Ministry and the Armed Services as well as two large Ukrainian banks, Privatbank and Oschadbank.

Whether Russia is serious about the effort is complicated. The Biden administration had pushed the Kremlin to take action against ransomware, which cost U.S. businesses billions in the last year.

The Winter Olympics are now underway and the FBI has been telling athletes heading to Beijing to bring a burner phone. There are all kinds of digital threats to the Olympics.

News Corp. — which owns the publishers of The Wall Street Journal and the New York Post — announced the discovery of a "persistent cyberattack" targeting a limited number of employees.

With Ukraine on the brink of war, a hacktivist group in nearby Belarus is getting attention for claims that it broke into the state-owned Belarussian Railways to try to stop Russian troops.

Security analysts are concerned that Russia could launch cyberattacks against Ukraine, as it did in 2017. That could compromise government agencies, banks, and energy infrastructure.

With U.S. troops on heightened alert and NATO forces on standby, fears of a Russian invasion of Ukraine remain. But even if Putin doesn't send troops in, he could still launch a crippling cyberattack.